> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.efento.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.efento.io/nb-iot-loggers/installation/installation-best-practices.md).
# Installation best practices
Efento NB-IoT loggers are designed to provide reliable wireless communication and accurate environmental measurements. Proper installation is essential to ensure optimal performance, measurement precision, and long-term durability. **The following best practices apply to all Efento NB-IoT loggers and models**.
## Ensuring the best NB-IoT coverage
Deploying an NB-IoT logger requires careful consideration of cellular radio wave propagation. While Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) features superior signal penetration compared to standard LTE, physical barriers and environmental placement still heavily impact data transmission reliability, latency, and battery longevity. Following these network-focused best practices ensures consistent server synchronization and maximizes operational lifetime.
### Assessing signal strength before permanent mounting
Never permanently mount or secure a logger before verifying its network connection at the exact installation spot.
* **Test Local Connectivity**: Use the Efento mobile application via Bluetooth to check the real-time Network Signal Strength (RSSI / RSRP) once the logger is powered on and registered.
* **Account for Fluctuations**: Cellular signal strength can fluctuate based on network load, weather conditions, or surrounding physical changes. A marginal signal during installation may lead to dropped connections later. Aim for a stable, high-quality signal rating in the app.
{% hint style="info" %}
When configuring your Efento NB-IoT logger with Efento Cloud using the mobile application, the assessment of the signal parameters is performed automatically.
{% endhint %}
### Physical placement and obstructions
Radio waves at cellular frequencies are attenuated (weakened) when passing through dense materials.
* **Avoid metal enclosures**: Do not place the logger inside enclosed metal boxes, electrical cabinets, or heavy steel containers. Metal acts as a Faraday cage, severely blocking or completely killing the NB-IoT signal. If the logger must be housed inside a metal environment, utilize a version with an external u.fl antenna and route the antenna outside the enclosure.
* **Minimize reinforced concrete barriers**: Thick concrete walls, elevator shafts, and subterranean basements drastically degrade signal quality. If installing in a basement, position the logger as close to the ceiling, windows, or ground-level openings as possible.
* **Mind the distance to ground**: Avoid placing the logger directly on the floor or near large pools of liquid (which absorb radio frequencies). Elevating the device even a meter off the ground significantly improves line-of-sight propagation to the cell tower.
### The impact of signal quality on battery life
There is a direct correlation between the cellular signal environment and the logger’s battery consumption.
{% hint style="warning" %}
In areas with poor or marginal coverage, the NB-IoT module must increase its transmission power (up to 23 dBm) and may attempt multiple retransmissions to successfully deliver a single data frame to the cloud.
{% endhint %}
An installation spot with a weak signal can cause the device to drain its battery significantly faster than a deployment in a high-coverage zone. If the signal is consistently poor, consider:
* Relocating the device slightly to achieve a better line of sight.
* Extending the transmission interval (e.g., sending data every 4 hours instead of every hour) to conserve power.
## **Ensuring valid environmental measurements**
#### **Avoid direct influence from heat or cooling sources**
To obtain accurate measurements, loggers **must not** be installed directly next to:
* heaters, radiators, air vents, or HVAC outlets
* doors, windows, or drafty areas
* direct sunlight or artificial heat sources (monitors, lamps)
Maintain a **minimum distance of 0.5–1 m** from such sources.
#### **Consider airflow and** logger **exposure**
* Ensure good, natural airflow around the logger - do not block vents or fully enclose the device.
* Avoid locations where the logger may be affected by localized microclimates, such as corners, high shelves, or behind heavy equipment.
#### **Mount** loggers **securely**
* Use proper mounting accessories (screws / adhesive pads / cable ties) to prevent the logger from falling or shifting position, which may affect measurement stability.
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